The third generation in vitro fertilization (IVF) is currently one of the most advanced assisted reproductive technologies. Specialists in IVF in the United States utilize this technology to conduct genetic testing on embryos. This allows for the selection of healthy embryos for transplantation, effectively helping older couples, those with a history of chromosomal abnormalities or hereditary genetic diseases, and individuals with reproductive health issues overcome fertility challenges. The technology aims to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes such as fetal demise, miscarriage, and birth defects, contributing to successful pregnancies and healthy births.

Analysis of Third Generation In Vitro Fertilization Technology (PGS/PGD) in the United States

The third generation IVF, also known as pre-implantation genetic screening and diagnostic technology (PGS/PGD), accurately eliminates embryos with chromosomal abnormalities or carrying pathogenic genes before implantation. This ensures the health of newborns is controlled before conception, significantly improving the success rate of IVF and assisting in achieving planned pregnancies.

1. PGS Technology

According to IVF experts in the United States, PGS technology primarily involves testing the number and structure of chromosomes in embryos to screen for abnormalities such as chromosomal loss, duplication, or translocation. The PGS technology currently used in U.S. hospitals is the next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene sequencing technology, which provides a more comprehensive, accurate, and detailed screening of whether the 23 pairs of chromosomes in the blastocyst have undergone any deviations.

Note: PGS technology has undergone three stages of development, progressing from FISH technology, which could only screen for 5 pairs of chromosomes, to ACGH technology, capable of comprehensive screening of all 23 pairs of chromosomes. The current NGS gene sequencing technology can even detect minor chromosomal deletions, offering advantages such as high throughput, rich information, and high accuracy.

2. PGD Technology

PGD technology involves testing genes on chromosomes to diagnose whether embryos carry defective genes or mutations causing specific diseases. This assists in obtaining high-quality, healthy embryos, ensuring the health of future babies at the genetic level and achieving eugenics.