There are many reasons why couples might choose to delay having children. However, it’s important to remember that both male and female fertility declines with age, and the quality of eggs and sperm can also deteriorate. Once a woman’s ovarian reserve is depleted, her body cannot produce more eggs. As women age, the remaining eggs tend to be of lower quality. Similarly, although men continue to produce sperm throughout their lives, the quality and quantity of sperm decrease as they age due to organ aging and a less optimal internal environment. Therefore, when it comes to the significant life event of having children, it’s crucial to plan ahead.

What Should Women Do if They Decide to Delay Childbearing?

  • Ovarian Reserve Testing: Blood tests can measure ovarian reserve, with Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) levels providing a good indication of a woman’s fertility and the number of remaining eggs.
    • Be Cautious if You Experience the Following: The risk of a low AMH increases in these situations:
      • A family history of early menopause or low AMH.
      • After ovarian surgery.
      • Severe endometriosis.
      • Previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
    • Tips: If AMH testing indicates low ovarian reserve, it is advisable to consider getting pregnant as soon as possible or opt for egg freezing.

What Should Men Do if They Decide to Delay Childbearing?

  • Semen Analysis: Men have it easier than women in this regard. A simple semen analysis can provide valuable insights. If any abnormalities are detected in the first test, it is recommended to repeat the test in 2-3 weeks. If two or more tests show any abnormalities, it is crucial to take action. Minor issues might be improved through lifestyle changes and nutritional supplements. However, if there are significant issues, consulting a reproductive specialist is recommended, and proceeding with assisted reproductive technologies, such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), might be the best course of action.
    • Be Cautious if You Experience the Following: The risk of sperm issues is higher in these situations:
      • Inadequate occupational protection: working in high temperatures or having a sedentary job.
      • After surgery for undescended testicles.
      • Genetic factors: Y chromosome microdeletions.
      • After testicular surgery.
      • Previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
      • A history of mumps during childhood.
    • Tips: If you need to delay childbearing, it is advisable to freeze your sperm. If you wait until there are no viable sperm left, the only option may be to use donor sperm.