• Sperm Issues
    The most common problems include low sperm count, poor sperm motility, abnormal sperm shape, or the presence of antibodies that affect sperm function.
  • Azoospermia (No Sperm in Ejaculate)
    Azoospermia occurs when no sperm is present in the ejaculate. This could be due to genetic abnormalities that prevent sperm production, an extremely low sperm count that prevents sperm from reaching the ejaculate, or an obstruction following a vasectomy that blocks the ejaculatory pathway. In some cases, sperm can still be found through a testicular biopsy.
  • Obstruction of the Vas Deferens or Other Sperm Transport Ducts
    There are various reasons for blockages in the vas deferens or other sperm ducts, such as surgical procedures, vasectomy, severe trauma, infections, or congenital blockages from birth. In some cases, surgery can restore the flow of sperm, or sperm can be surgically extracted for use in IVF treatments.
  • Sexual Dysfunction
    Some men may be unable to ejaculate normally due to conditions like diabetes, spinal cord injuries, certain medications, or psychological issues, which can make ejaculation difficult. For such cases, IVF is a very sensible option as it offers a high success rate for achieving pregnancy.
  • Age
    While male fertility does not decline as dramatically with age as it does in women, sperm quality does decrease over time. Older men’s offspring are more likely to develop conditions like autism and other mental health issues and may experience learning difficulties. For men over 45, the risk of miscarriage also increases.
    Diagnosing male infertility is relatively straightforward, and treatment options like Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) through IVF can offer a solution for conceiving.